Breast ultrasound is a diagnostic procedure used to study the internal tissues of the breast. It is very useful in the detection of breast cancer, as well as in the periodic monitoring of breast prostheses.
The main advantage of breast ultrasound over mammography is that, as it is based on the use of ultrasound, breast ultrasound does not emit radiation. Therefore, it is the most suitable method for performing a breast examination in pregnant women and in women undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In addition, it is a procedure that does not require compressing or flattening the breast, so apart from being completely painless, it is the most appropriate for examination in women with breast implants.
Breast ultrasound for cancer detection
Breast ultrasound is used to detect changes in breast tissue and to differentiate whether they are cysts or nodules. Cysts are fluid accumulations and in most cases are benign alterations. Nodules – or fibroadenomas – are solid accumulations that, depending on their size and growth rate, may be a malignant tumor.
When a suspicious nodule is detected, it is advisable to perform a biopsy (taking samples and studying the tissue) and perform a series of periodic ultrasounds (at least annually) to see if it grows over time.
Breast ultrasound for monitoring breast prostheses
Breast ultrasound is also very useful in patients with breast implants. It is used to detect complications or rejection in the months following an operation, as well as to carry out periodic checks: to determine the position of a breast prosthesis (retroglandular or retromuscular), its state of degradation (or rupture) and the silicone it contains.
The expected life of a breast prosthesis is 10 years, although perfectly implanted and preserved prostheses of more than 20 years have been detected. It is advisable to check breast implants at least once a year.
Who should have a breast ultrasound?
- Women under 40 who have noticed a suspicious lump when palpating their breast
- Pregnant women who cannot have a mammogram because of the radiation
- Women undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy who are particularly sensitive to radiation.
- Women with breast implants who wish to periodically monitor the condition of their implants.
- Women whose breast tissue is dense enough to hide lesions that could not be detected with a mammogram.
It is important to note that breast ultrasound is not a substitute for mammography. Mammography is the only accepted method for screening for breast cancer in women over 40 years of age. However, factors such as age or breastfeeding alter breast tissue in such a way that it can make it difficult for X-rays to penetrate and differentiate breast structures. Therefore, when mammography detects nodules but gives doubtful results, breast ultrasound must be used to complete the diagnosis.
How is breast ultrasound performed?
The patient undresses from the waist up and lies down on an evaluation table. The specialist then applies a gel to the patient’s breast so that the ultrasound can work correctly. The examination then begins by moving the ultrasound over the surface of the breast. During the examination, the patient must place her arms above her head and, lying down, turn to one side or the other as the specialist asks her to do.
Recommendations before coming
On the day of the test, you should not use deodorant, lotions or talcum powder on your breasts and armpits, as they can hinder the penetration of the ultrasound. As for clothing, it is advisable to wear two-piece clothing, as you have to undress from the waist up.
How much does a breast ultrasound cost?
The price of a breast ultrasound is €65 and includes a diagnosis of both breasts.